Seasonal flight activity of busseola fusca fuller was monitored at six localities in lesotho during the 199596, 199697 and 199798 growing seasons, using a sex pheromone monitoring system. Its distribution and pest status varies with the region. Noctuidae attacks on maize, and on maize growth and yield parameters in njinikom. Distribution maps top of page you can pan and zoom the map. Factsheet busseola fusca fuller, 1901 african maize.
Insects free fulltext plant abandonment by busseola. Laboratory studies have shown that the stem borer busseola fusca lepidoptera. Journal of the entomological society of southern africa, 481. Once the insect reaches the plant, these cues determine host acceptance.
Resistance to bt maize in busseola fusca lepidoptera. Stem borers were monitored at cedara kwazulunatal province, delmas mpumalanga province and brits northwest province, south africa. The larval stage caterpillars cause damage to maize by feeding on young leaves from where they can enter the stems. Bt maize is an effective control measure for this pest, however, selection pressure for. Hostplant resistance and chemical control of chilo partellus swinhoe and busseola fusca fuller in an integrated pest management system on grain sorghum j. Subjects dealt with include pest status and crop loss assessment, taxonomic descriptons, pest biology and ecology. Dominant inheritance of fieldevolved resistance to bt. The population genetics and phylogeography of african phytophagous insects have received little attention. One greenhouse and two laboratory studies were conducted. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
Pdf busseola fusca fuller, the african maize stalk borer. Some, such as the maize stalk borer busseola fusca, display significant geographic. Busseola fusca lays eggs in a mass, not covered with a tuft of hairs, and individual eggs are hemispherical with crenulations radial vertical ridges on the egg shell. Busseola fusca occurs throughout subsaharan africa 6 but not in zanzibar and madagascar 48. Bjsseola of water contact as a factor terminating larval diapause in a stem borer, busseola fusca. Pdf resistance of busseola fusca to cry1ab bt maize plants. While transgenic maize has provided some transitory benefits to commercial maize farmers, the context for the vast majority of african maize farmers is quite. The influence of temperature on the development, mortality, fecundity and life table parameters of two important noctuid african cereal pests, busseola fusca and sesamia calamistis was investigated. A handbook of information on free shipping on qualified orders. Adults are pale brown the larvae feed on various grasses, as. Pdf ecology of the african maize stalk borer, busseola fusca. Morel and martin 1952 were the first to demonstrate that virusfree plants.
Noctuidae is a destructive pest of maize and sorghum throughout subsaharan african 1,2. Biological control of cereal stemborers busseola fusca and. These tolerant genotypes, can be used as novel sources of tolerance, and could be introgressed into the local common varieties since they are well adapted to the local environment. A generally accepted estimate of annual losses during the early part of the 20th century was 10% of the national crop mally. Noctuidae is an important pest of maize and sorghum in east and southern africa. Adults are pale brown the larvae feed on various grasses, as well as zea mays, sorghum and saccharum species. Assessment on distribution, biology and management of maize. The distribution of maize stem borers, busseola fusca fuller, sesamia calamistis hampson, and s. Apr 01, 2011 the first report of resistance of the maize stem borer busseola fusca fuller to bt maize mon810 was made in the christiana area of south africa during 2007. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the. The information is presented under subheadings of pest status and crop loss assessment, taxonomic descriptions, pest biology and ecology. Busseola fusca fuller is a serious pest of maize and sorghum in tanganyika where it occurs mainly at altitudes of 4,000 ft. Effect of sowing dates and fertilizer on the severity of stem borer busseola fusca fuller, lepidoptera.
A revision of the african species of sesamia guenee and related genera agrotidaelepidoptera. Biology and ecology of busseola fusea and sesamia species. The present study investigated the role of juvenile and moulting hormones in development of busseola fusca. This study determined the spatial distribution and sampling sizes. Changes in abundance gi, damage potential and activity ai, potential population growth of the maize stalk borer, busseola fusca, in maize production systems worldwide according to model predictions, using the gi a, b and the ai d, e for the years 2000 and 2050, and the absolute index change c, f. Busseola fusca fuller, the african maize stalk borer. The effect of temperature on the reproduction and development of busseola fusca was studied under laboratory conditions. Noctuidae is a destructive pest of maize throughout the african continent. Assessment on distribution, biology and management of maize stem borer busseola fusca fuller in ethiopia addis tadesse tekle ethiopian biodiversity institute, crop and horticulture directorate. Larval migration behaviour of busseola fusca lepidoptera.
Percentages of surviving third instar busseola fusca. One century after its first description by fuller in. Jun 27, 2019 field trials were carried out in the humid forest zone of cameroon to investigate the effects of crop rotation, cover crops and bush fallow on infestations by b. Busseola is a genus of moths of the family noctuidae described by friedrich thurau in 1904 species.
Despite the success of this irm strategy, it is based on several. This necessitates the implementation of insect resistance management irm strategies such as the highdoserefuge strategy. However, the sustainability of this technology is threatened by resistance evolution, which necessitates the implementation of the highdoserefuge insect resistance management irm strategy. Appropriate disposal of crop residues after harvest can. Laboratory work on the lifecycle and on the diapause of the larva is described. Sugarcane is one of the most valuable crops in the world. Genetically modified maize has been shown to be effective against b. Noctuidae is a stemborer pest that attacks maize zea mays throughout subsaharan africa. Busseola fusca frass was a reservoir of different fungal species. The major pest for maize at all sites was the stem borer busseola fusca and maize. Assessment on distribution, biology and management of. Much screening has therefore been against field infestations, often against complexes of different borer species. Resistance of busseola fusca to cry1ab bt maize plants in south africa and challenges to insect resistance management in africa article pdf available january 2015 with 166 reads how we.
The first hours in the life of a busseola fusca horizon ird. Laboratory work on the lifecycle and on the diapause of the larva is. The maize and sorghum stalkborer, busseola fusca fuller, in. Resistance of btmaize mon810 against the stem borers. Appropriate disposal of crop residues after harvest can reduce carryover populations of vusseola larvae and so limit initial establishment of the pest on the following seasons crops. Busseola fusca is a species of moth that is also known as the maize stalk borer. Monitoring resistance to bt maize in field populations of. Bt maize, but neonate larvae are able to detect bt toxins and display feeding avoidance behaviour on bt maize leaf samples. The maize and sorghum stalkborer, busseola fusca fuller.
Pdf ecology of the african maize stalk borer, busseola. Busseola fusca wikispecies, free species directory. Noctuidae, has evolved resistance to bt maize expressing cry1ab proteins, with numerous reports of resistance from the highveld region of the country. Noctuidae with special reference to insectplant interactions. A study was conducted to assess the performance of maize hybrids with bt event mon810 bthybrids against the maize stem borer busseola fusca fuller in a biosafety greenhouse bgh and against the spotted stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe under. Field trials were carried out in the humid forest zone of cameroon to investigate the effects of crop rotation, cover crops and bush fallow on infestations by b. Bt maize is an effective control measure for this pest, however, selection pressure for resistance evolution is high. Insects free fulltext larval migration behaviour of busseola. An effective bt maize pest resistance monitoring programme relies on wellestablished baseline susceptibility data. The target pest of bt maize in south africa, busseola fusca fuller.
One century after its first description by fuller in 1901, inaccurate information based on earlier. Maize stalk borer, busseola fusca the maize stalk or stem borer is a widespread pest throughout tropical and subtropical africa, from south of the sahara to south africa, usually in areas with and altitude. Noctuidae is an important pest of maize and sorghum in subsaharan africa. Screening maize and sorghum genotypes for resistance to b. Novel source of sorghum tolerance to the african stem. Pdf resistance of busseola fusca to cry1ab bt maize. In the value of phenology in increasing the productivity of crops. The african stem borer, busseola fusca fuller lepidoptera. Busseola fusca was first mentioned as sesamia fusca in a report by fuller in 1901 and described under the same name by hampson in 1902. Single malefemale pairs were confined to oviposition chambers kept at 15, 20. Ecology of the african maize stalk borer, busseola fusca mdpi. Noctuidae moths of a resistant and susceptible population do not show differential oviposition preference for bacillus thuringiensis bt or non. Draft genome of busseola fusca, the maize stalk borer, a.
Ecology of the african maize stalk borer, busseola fusca ncbi. New information on the intraseasonal progression of larval infestations of busseola fusca fuller in south africa was obtained through repeated sampling in maize plantings of different planting dates. However, the identity and genetic diversity of stemborers. Noctuidae is an important pest of maize in africa and can be effectively controlled by bt maize. Changes in abundance gi, damage potential and activity ai, potential population growth of the maize stalk borer, busseola fusca, in maize production systems worldwide according to model. New information on the intraseasonal progression of larval infestations of busseola fusca fuller in south africa was obtained through repeated sampling in maize plantings of different planting dates over various seasons.
Phylogeography and population genetics of the maize stalk. Ecology of the african maize stalk borer, busseola fusca lepidoptera. Monitoring of cereal stemborers agricultural research council. Monitoring resistance to bt maize in field populations of busseola. Ecology of the african maize stalk borer, busseola fusca. Biological control of cereal stemborers busseola fusca and chilo partellus in south africa page content the stem borers, busseola fusca fuller lepidoptera. Apr 10, 2020 busseola fusca pdf busseola fusca exhibits oligophagous feeding behavior on host plants belonging to the family poaceae. Busseola fusca developed high levels of resistance to the bt toxin cry 1ab expressed in bt corn in south africa. Pyralidae, are the most important pests of maize and grain sorghum in south africa. The effect of different maize genotypes on the maize stalkborer, busseola fusca fuller lepidoptera. Previous studies suggested that gut microbiota contribute to mortality across a range of.
Busseola fusca fuller, is the most important insect pest of maize in south africa. The pushpull system, a stimulodeterrent cropping strategy consisting of intercropping cereals with legumes and surrounding by fodder grasses, is considered a promising crop diversification strategy for smallholder farmers in africa as it may contribute to maize stemborer busseola fusca. Moth populations of busseola fusca were monitored with synthetic sex pheromone traps, while larval populations of the two stem borer species were monitored by scouting maize and grain sorghum fields. The maize stalk borer, busseola fusca, is an important lepidopteran pest of cereal crops in central, east, and southern africa. The african maize stalkborer is indigenous to and occurs throughout mainland subsaharan africa. Effect of temperature on the life history parameters of. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
Duration of diapause in the stem borers, busseola fusca. In subsaharan africa, busseola fusca fuller lepidoptera, noctuidae is considered as one of the major stem borer pests of maize zea mays and sorghum sorghum bicolor 1. Hostplant resistance and chemical control of chilo partellus. May 14, 2016 the chemical composition of plant surfaces plays a role in selection of host plants by herbivorous insects. Influence of endocrine activity on larval development in. Noctuidae stem borer busseola fusca fuller lepidoptera.
Noctuidae, an important pest of sorghum and maize in subsaharan africa, is able to differentiate between host and nonhost plant. Native and exotic lepidopteran stemborers significantly limit sugarcane production. Two choice tests were conducted in the laboratory and in the greenhouse to determine oviposition choice of c. The maize stalk borer busseola fusca is a major pest of maize and sorghum. Recent surveys in western kenya indicated the presence of another busseola species on maize, busseola.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the status of resistance of other populations of b. Busseola fusca fuller, 1901 african maize stalkborer. The african maize stem borer busseola fusca is one of the important biotic constraints for maize production in subsaharan african. Postrelease monitoring of transgenic bt maize fields for resistant pest populations is an important activity that will contribute to early identification and mitigation of resistance evolution by target pests. Busseola fusca wikispecies wikispecies, free species.
Screening and breeding for resistance to busseola fusca. Pdf busseola fusca african stem borer researchgate. In east and southern africa it is a pest at higher altitudes above 600 m, but in central africa it. Duration of diapause in the stem borers, busseola fusca and chilo partellus. Morphometric measurements were used to distinguish differences in endocrine activity between nondiapause and diapause development with regard to the prothoracic glands and the corpora allata. Influence of hostplant surface chemicals on the oviposition. In 1953 african species of sesamia and related genera were morphotaxonomically revised and finally s. Neba ngwa akongnwithe effects of combining npk201010 with urea on busseola fusca fuller lepidoptera. Pdf the effect of temperature on the development and. Effect of sowing dates and fertilizer on the severity of stem borer busseola fusca. Furthermore, finch and collier state that repellent chemicals appear to be effective over only a few centimetres. Ecology of the maize stalk borer, busseola fusca fuller. Pyralidae and the noctuid busseola fusca fuller lepidoptera.
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